Original Research Article
Year: 2021 | Month: April-June | Volume: 6 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 185-191
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20210434
Role of Colour Doppler in High Risk Pregnancy
Hiral Parekh1, Sneha Chaudhari2
1Professor and Head, 23rd Year Resident,
Department of Radiodiagnosis, Shri M.P.Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.
Corresponding Author: Sneha Chaudhari
ABSTRACT
This was a prospective study conducted in pregnant patients with high risk factors who got admitted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Care Hospital, Jamnagar during the period from May 2018 to September 2020.
Background: High-risk pregnancies causes many adverse perinatal outcomes. Doppler ultrasound is a non-invasive technique to study the feto-maternal circulation to guide the clinical management.
Objective: This study aims at evaluating the role of colour Doppler in high-risk pregnancies and their perinatal outcome.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study carried out for 29 months in the Department of Radiology with antenatal women in the age group of 18-35 years with singleton pregnancy of gestational age of <28 weeks to >35 weeks having high-risk factors considered in study. The risk factors considered were pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), gestational diabetes, anemia, oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios and IUGR. Doppler study of umbilical artery and fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA) arteries was done and amniotic fluid index (AFI) was measured. Parameters in the form of resistive index, pulsatility index, and systolic/diastolic ratio were taken. obstetric history was taken with regular interval follow up.
Results: The study was carried out with 50 patients. High-risk pregnancy was more common in the age group of 21-25 years. The most common high-risk factor in pregnancy was oligohydramnios which accounted for 30% of cases. Out of 50 high-risk pregnancies, 5 (10 %) of cases resulted in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Out of 50 high-risk cases, in 36 cases, umbilical artery findings were abnormal. 3 patients had intrauterine death (IUD) and 27 patients had poor perinatal outcome. Umbilical artery abnormality showed significant sensitivity and negative predictive value for adverse (poor + IUD) perinatal. Correlation was seen between high risk pregnancy and need of emergency caesarean section and induction and associated adverse perinatal outcome.
Conclusion: Combination of different arterial waveform study enhance the diagnostic accuracy in identifying those intrauterine growth restricted foetuses that were at risk.
Keywords: Colour Doppler, high risk pregnancy, perinatal outcome.