Year: 2026 | Month: April-June | Volume: 11 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 43-50
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20260206
Estimation of Serum Lipoprotein(a) and Uric Acid in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - A Case Control Study
Sreeja Shanker J1, Vibha C2, Parvathi M3
1Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College (IIMS), Palakkad
2Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute, Bangalore.
3Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute, Bangalore.
Corresponding Author: Dr Sreeja Shanker J
ABSTRACT
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk that is not fully explained by conventional risk factors. Emerging biomarkers such as lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and serum uric acid may contribute to this residual risk.
Objectives: To evaluate and compare serum Lp(a) and uric acid levels in patients with T2DM and healthy controls, and to assess their association with conventional lipid parameters.
Methods: This case–control study included 80 participants (40 T2DM patients and 40 age and sex matched healthy controls) conducted at a tertiary care centre in South India. Fasting blood samples were analysed for Lp(a), uric acid, glucose, HbA1c, and lipid profile using standardised methods. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test, with p < 0.01 considered significant.
Results: Serum Lp(a) and uric acid levels were significantly higher in T2DM subjects compared to controls (p < 0.01). Diabetic subjects also showed significantly elevated total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and reduced HDL-C levels. Glycaemic parameters were significantly higher in the T2DM group.
Conclusion: Elevated Lp(a) and uric acid levels in T2DM patients may contribute to increased cardiovascular risk beyond traditional lipid parameters. Their inclusion in routine evaluation may improve risk stratification.
Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Lipoprotein(a), Serum Uric Acid, Diabetic Dyslipidaemia, Biomarkers, Hyperuricemia, Atherosclerosis, Cardiometabolic Risk