Year: 2025 | Month: October-December | Volume: 10 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 158-164
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20250423
The Clinicopathologic Spectrum of Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas - A Single Centre Experience
Dr. Deepthy Vijayaraghavan1, Dr. Varghese James2, Dr. David Pudukadan2
1Department of Pathology, 2Department of Dermatology,
Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
Corresponding Author: Dr. Varghese James
ABSTRACT
Background: Primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCL) are non-Hodgkin lymphomas that present primarily in the skin with, primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) being the most common sub-type. CTCL is associated with malignant CD4+ T-cells and often involves genetic dysregulation. Diagnosis of PCL can be challenging due to its varied clinical presentations.
Objective: This study evaluated the clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical (IHC) features of PCL and highlighted the importance of biopsy in early diagnosis.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 10 cases of diagnosed PCL over a four-year period at a tertiary care center. Clinical data including age, sex, presenting complaints, HIV status were collected and histopathological examination and IHC staining for T-cell (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD30) and B-cell markers (CD19, CD20) were performed on skin biopsies. All patients were thoroughly evaluated clinically for the type of skin lesions, organomegaly, lymph node status and their hematological profile was also looked into.
Results: The mean age of patients was 65 years. Clinical presentations included hyper pigmented patches (20%), hypopigmented patches (30%), erythematous lesions (30%) and infiltrative lesions (10%). Among 10cases, 9were primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and 1was primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma
Conclusion: PCL presents with diverse clinical manifestations, making early diagnosis challenging. Histo pathological examination and IHC are essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.
Keywords: Primary cutaneous lymphoma, Sezary syndrome, Histopathology, Immunohistochemistry, Clinical presentation, Skin biopsy, Lymphoma diagnosis, T-cell markers, B-cell markers