Year: 2025 | Month: October-December | Volume: 10 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 131-139
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20250419
Correlation of Vitamin B12 and Homocysteine with Clinical Presentation of Central Venous Sinus Thrombosis: Insights from Hospital Based Survey
Nilam Ramjibhai Gabani1, Prashant Vinodbhai Chotalia1, Nirav Rohit Kumar Shah1, Mayur Babubhai Kachchhi2
1Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Kiran Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
2Consultant, Department of Intensive Care Unit, Universal Hospital, Surat, Gujarat, India
Corresponding Author: Nilam Ramjibhai Gabani
ABSTRACT
Background: Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST) is an uncommon stroke subtype with diverse risk factors. While conditions like infection, dehydration, and the peripartum state are well-established, the role of metabolic factors like vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia is less defined, particularly in the Indian context. This study aimed to correlate vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels with the clinical presentation of CVST.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine. Twenty-five patients with radiologically confirmed CVST were enrolled. Detailed clinical history, neurological examination, and laboratory investigations—including serum vitamin B12, homocysteine, and hemoglobin levels—were performed. Radiological evaluation identified the site of thrombosis. Statistical analysis was performed to assess associations between biochemical abnormalities and clinical features.
Results: The mean age of participants was 28 years, with a female predominance (64%). Common risk factors included dehydration (64%), infection (56%), and the peripartum state (50% of females). Hyperhomocysteinemia and low vitamin B12 were present in 32% and 28% of patients, respectively. A significant inverse correlation was found between serum vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels (r = -0.3975, p=0.0491).
Conclusion: Vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia are prevalent and interrelated metabolic risk factors in CVST patients. They are significantly associated with more severe neurological presentations, including seizures and focal deficits. Screening for and managing these deficiencies could be an important adjuvant strategy to standard CVST treatment.
Keywords: Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis, CVST, Vitamin B12, Homocysteine, Hyperhomocysteinemia, Risk Factors, Seizures, Neurological Deficit.