Year: 2025 | Month: April-June | Volume: 10 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 111-120
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20250213
The Role and Mechanism of Hypnozoite Formation by Plasmodium Vivax
Evelyne Syrpailang Wankhar1, Deepjyoti Kalita2
1Department of MLT, Faculty of paramedical Science, Assam Down Town University, Guwahati, Assam, 781026,
2Department of MLT, School of Health Sciences, The Assam Kaziranga University, Jorhat, Assam, 785006
Corresponding Author: Deepjyoti Kalita
ABSTRACT
Background: Due to its unusual nature, P. vivax's latent liver stages, known as hypnozoites, have proven a burden after transmission by female anopheles mosquitoes to human hosts. New treatments are still required, despite global efforts to eliminate malaria, as resistance never stops. This review shows how there is still sizable information gap about P. vivax hypnozoite.
Methodology: A systematic search of published Plasmodium vivax papers. Digital repositories such as Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed were utilized.
Result: The activation, development, and production of the hypnozoite latent stage are still unclear. The host's microenvironment influences hypnozoite development either before or after hepatocyte infection, or both. This suggests that hypnozoite fate is likely partially influenced during the sporozoite stage. Hypnozoite laboratory model advancement may help in the investigation.
Conclusion: The advancement of sc RNAseq can aid in the investigation of molecular ideas and the construction of advanced laboratory models for the detection of hypnozoites.
Keywords: P. Vivax, hypnozoite, Single cell RNA sequencing technology (scRNA seq), Brady sporozoites, Malaria, sporozoites.